The benefits of open source are numerous. To begin with, the Internet as a whole has benefited greatly. As mentioned earlier, Netscape's browser is open source and free. Within the first few hours after it's initial release, many improvements were sent to Netscape from independent programmers. The competition that this created in the Internet browser market benefits everybody. The Internet has also benefited from open source in the server area. Sendmail, an open-source software package that routes e-mail through the Internet, is estimated to be running on 80% of all Internet mail servers with almost all e-mail on the Internet hopping through Sendmail at least once (Release 1.0). Similarly, Apache, an open-source webserver holds about 60% of the webserver market, dominating Microsoft's IIS by 40% (Netcraft). The Apache Group's efforts were validated when IBM joined and started using Apache as the base of its WebSphere line of products. BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain), an open-source DNS server created by the ISC (Internet Software Consortium) is a popular software package used around the world (ISC BIND). These examples show how open-source software shines in the server markets, but there are many other open-source applications. Many programmers' tools and programming languages are available as open-source packages, especially those prevalent on the web, such as PHP, perl, and python (Release 1.0). One of the biggest open-source markets is operating systems. Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD are all great examples of open-source operating systems that run just as well as closed-source operating systems that are exponentially more expensive. Presently, most open-source programs are geared more towards those with an advanced knowledge of computers, but hopefully in the future, this bar will drop.